Charged
Formally Charged or Investigated. A charging document exists, or an investigation was officially confirmed.
Tier 2, Formally Charged or InvestigatedDefiance of Federal Court Orders in the Second Term: Slow-Walking Reinstatement of Fired Workers, Ignoring Funding Freeze Injunctions, and Contempt Warnings from Federal Judges2025–2026
During the first months of Donald Trump's second term, beginning in January 2025, multiple federal judges issued orders directing the administration to halt spending freezes, reinstate fired federal workers, and restore funding to programs that had been cut or frozen by executive action. The administration's response was characterized by…
Tier 2, Formally Charged or InvestigatedDOGE and the Breach of Government Data Systems: Elon Musk's Operatives Accessing Social Security, Treasury, and IRS Records2025–2026
Beginning in January 2025, operatives affiliated with the Department of Government Efficiency, an initiative led by Elon Musk and established by executive order at the start of President Trump's second term, accessed sensitive data systems at multiple federal agencies. These systems contained personally identifiable information belonging…
Tier 2, Formally Charged or InvestigatedDOGE-Driven Mass Firings: The Dismantling of the Professional Civil Service Through Unprecedented Terminations of Federal Employees2025
Beginning in late January 2025, the Trump administration, working through the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) led by Elon Musk, initiated the largest mass firing of federal employees in modern American history. Approximately 25,000 probationary federal workers, employees in their first or second years of government service,…
Tier 2, Formally Charged or InvestigatedDismantling of USAID: Shutdown of the 64-Year-Old Foreign Aid Agency Affecting Millions of Recipients Worldwide2025
Beginning on January 20, 2025, the Trump administration undertook the systematic dismantling of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), a federal agency established by President John F. Kennedy in 1961. The process culminated in the agency's official closure on July 1, 2025, when remaining operations were…
Tier 2, Formally Charged or InvestigatedAttempting to End Birthright Citizenship by Executive Order: A Direct Challenge to the 14th Amendment Blocked by Every Court That Reviewed It2025–2026
On January 20, 2025, his first day back in office, President Donald Trump signed Executive Order 14160, titled "Protecting the Meaning and Value of American Citizenship." The order directed federal agencies to deny U.S. citizenship to children born in the United States if both parents were not U.S. citizens or lawful permanent residents.…
Tier 2, Formally Charged or InvestigatedTrump Media and Truth Social: SEC Fraud Charges Against SPAC, Insider Trading Convictions, and the Digital World Acquisition Corp Merger2021–2026
Trump Media and Technology Group Corp. (TMTG), the parent company of the social media platform Truth Social, went public through a merger with Digital World Acquisition Corp. (DWAC), a special purpose acquisition company (SPAC). The merger and surrounding transactions generated SEC fraud charges against the SPAC, criminal insider trading…
Tier 2, Formally Charged or InvestigatedFederal Classified Documents Indictment: 40 Felony Counts for Willful Retention of National Defense Information2021–2024
On June 8, 2023, Special Counsel Jack Smith filed a 37-count indictment against Donald Trump in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida (Case No. 9:23-cr-80101) for retaining classified national defense documents at his Mar-a-Lago estate after leaving office and obstructing government efforts to retrieve them. A…
Tier 2, Formally Charged or InvestigatedSecond Impeachment: Incitement of Insurrection Following the January 6 Capitol Attack2021
On January 13, 2021, the United States House of Representatives impeached Donald Trump for a second time on a single article charging incitement of insurrection. The vote was 232 to 197, with ten Republicans joining all Democrats, making it the most bipartisan presidential impeachment vote in American history.
Tier 2, Formally Charged or InvestigatedFederal Election Obstruction Indictment: Four Felony Counts for Conspiracy to Overturn 2020 Election2020–2024
On August 1, 2023, a federal grand jury in the District of Columbia returned an indictment charging Donald Trump with four felony counts related to his conduct between the November 2020 election and the January 6, 2021 Capitol attack. The case was assigned to U.S. District Judge Tanya Chutkan as Case No. 23-cr-257. Trump was arraigned on…
Tier 2, Formally Charged or InvestigatedGeorgia RICO Indictment: 41-Count Racketeering Case for Conspiracy to Overturn 2020 Election Results2020–2025
On August 14, 2023, a Fulton County grand jury indicted Donald Trump and 18 co-defendants on 41 counts arising from an alleged conspiracy to overturn Georgia's 2020 presidential election results. The indictment alleged a coordinated effort involving pressuring state officials to reverse certified results, creating false slates of…
Tier 2, Formally Charged or InvestigatedFirst Impeachment: Abuse of Power and Obstruction of Congress Over Ukraine Pressure Campaign2019–2020
On December 18, 2019, the United States House of Representatives impeached President Donald J. Trump on two articles: abuse of power and obstruction of Congress. Both charges arose from Trump's efforts to pressure Ukraine to announce investigations into his political rival, former Vice President Joe Biden, while withholding approximately…
Tier 2, Formally Charged or InvestigatedNew York AG Investigation into Trump Organization Insurance Practices: Inflated Assets in Applications to Insurers2019–2024
In February 2019, former Trump personal attorney Michael Cohen testified before Congress that Donald Trump had routinely inflated the value of his assets when seeking favorable insurance terms. Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez asked Cohen directly whether Trump had ever presented inflated assets to an insurance company. Cohen…
Tier 2, Formally Charged or InvestigatedMichael Cohen's Guilty Plea Implicating Trump as 'Individual-1' Who Directed Campaign Finance Violations2018
On August 21, 2018, Michael Cohen, Donald Trump's longtime personal attorney and fixer, pleaded guilty in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York to eight federal charges: five counts of willful tax evasion, one count of making false statements to a financial institution, one count of causing an unlawful corporate…
Tier 2, Formally Charged or InvestigatedEmoluments Clause Lawsuits: Three Federal Cases Alleging Constitutional Violations Through Business Profits2017–2021
Three federal lawsuits filed between 2017 and 2018 alleged that Donald Trump violated the Constitution's Foreign and Domestic Emoluments Clauses by continuing to profit from his hotel and business empire while serving as president. The central allegation across all three cases was that foreign governments and domestic state officials…
Tier 2, Formally Charged or InvestigatedGovernment by 'Acting' Officials: Circumventing Senate Confirmation Through Extended Use of Temporary Designations2017–2021
During his first term, President Donald Trump relied on "acting" officials to fill Senate-confirmed positions to an extent that exceeded all modern precedents, effectively circumventing the constitutional requirement that senior executive branch officials receive the advice and consent of the Senate. The Government Accountability Office,…
Tier 2, Formally Charged or InvestigatedMichael Cohen Testimony: Allegations That Trump Directed False Statements to Congress and Signed Reimbursement Checks in Office2017–2019
Michael Cohen, who served as Donald Trump's personal attorney for over a decade, provided testimony to Congress and to the Special Counsel's office alleging that Trump was directly involved in efforts to obstruct investigations and conceal information from lawmakers.
Tier 2, Formally Charged or InvestigatedHatch Act Violations: White House RNC Convention and Kellyanne Conway2017–2020
The Hatch Act of 1939 prohibits federal employees from engaging in partisan political activity while on duty, using their official authority or influence to affect an election, or using government resources for political purposes. During the Trump administration, the Office of Special Counsel (OSC), a nonpartisan federal agency charged…
Tier 2, Formally Charged or InvestigatedTom Barrack Prosecution: Trump's Inaugural Committee Chairman Charged with Acting as an Unregistered Foreign Agent for the UAE2016–2022
Tom Barrack, a billionaire real estate investor and one of Donald Trump's closest personal friends, was indicted on July 20, 2021, on federal charges of acting as an unregistered agent of the United Arab Emirates, obstruction of justice, and making false statements to the FBI. Barrack had served as chairman of Trump's Presidential…
Tier 2, Formally Charged or InvestigatedNwanguma v. Trump: The Louisville Rally Lawsuit Over Incitement of Violence Against Protesters2016–2018
On March 1, 2016, Donald Trump held a campaign rally at the Kentucky International Convention Center in Louisville, Kentucky. During the event, several protesters were physically pushed, shoved, and struck by Trump supporters in the crowd. Three individuals who attended the rally to protest peacefully, Kashiya Nwanguma, Molly Shah, and…
Tier 2, Formally Charged or InvestigatedJill Harth Lawsuit: Federal Complaint Alleging Groping and Attempted Rape from 1992 to 19971992–2016
On April 25, 1997, Jill Harth filed a federal lawsuit against Donald Trump alleging a pattern of sexual harassment and assault spanning from 1992 to 1997. The complaint alleged hostile and offensive sexual behavior on multiple occasions.